The ankle is the most commonly injured joint, accounting for about 20% of all sports injuries.

By rolling over, or “inverting” the ankle, various structures around or inside the ankle joint can be injured, and to varying degrees. Generally speaking, the more “energy” involved in the injury, the more potential for damage.

People who have previously injured the ankle, have poor balance or coordination, or have high-arched feet are thought to be at higher risk for ankle sprain.

The most common form of ankle sprain involves an injury to the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL), which may stretch or rupture (See diagram). As the violence of the injury increases, further ligaments may be damaged, and a fracture or dislocation of the ankle may even occur. Other potential consequences of severe ankle sprain are peroneal tendon pathology, osteochondral lesions (cartilage damage), chronic instability and ankle impingement.

Fortunately, almost all ankle sprains recover fully within 6 weeks, the majority within 2-3 weeks. Simple supportive treatment is important to speed recovery and involves Rest, Ice, Compression (Tubigrip or similar) and Elevation for 48-72 hours, followed by graded return to activities. Physiotherapy or Sports Therapy is often helpful in regaining strength and balance in particular.

If you have not made a full or near-full recovery by 6 weeks after the injury, you may well require further investigation and treatment.